除了…还

HSK 3

Structure (结构 jiégòu)

除了Noun/Phrase(以外), Subject还/也Verb…

The structure 除了…还 is used to express 'apart from A, there is also B', including both A and B.

The structure 除了…还/也… carries an inclusive meaning, expressing that 'besides A, there is also B'. That is, both A and B are true.

The word 以外 (yǐwài) can be added after the first clause without changing the meaning, e.g. 除了A以外.

This should be distinguished from the structure 除了…都…, which carries an exclusive meaning ('except for A, everything else is B').

除了米饭，我还喜欢吃面条。
繁: 除了米飯，我還喜歡吃麵條。Chúle mǐfàn, wǒ hái xǐhuān chī miàntiáo.
Besides rice, I also like to eat noodles.
他除了会说英语，还会说法语。
繁: 他除了會說英語，還會說法語。Tā chúle huì shuō Yīngyǔ, hái huì shuō Fǎyǔ.
In addition to being able to speak English, he can also speak French.
周末我除了看书，还常常运动。
繁: 週末我除了看書，還常常運動。Zhōumò wǒ chúle kàn shū, hái chángcháng yùndòng.
On weekends, besides reading books, I also exercise regularly.
除了我以外，小王也来了。
繁: 除了我以外，小王也來了。Chúle wǒ yǐwài, Xiǎo Wáng yě lái le.
Besides me, Xiaowang came too.
这家店除了咖啡，还有蛋糕。
繁: 這家店除了咖啡，還有蛋糕。Zhè jiā diàn chúle kāfēi, hái yǒu dàngāo.
This shop has cakes in addition to coffee.

Wrong:除了他，我们还都是学生。
Correct:除了他，我们都是学生。
When expressing exclusion (except him), use 都. 还 is used to express inclusion (in addition).
Wrong:我除了喜欢唱歌，跳舞。
Correct:我除了喜欢唱歌，还喜欢跳舞。
This structure typically appears in pairs. Missing `还` or `也` in the second clause makes the sentence incomplete and difficult to understand.